Americium

Americium is a synthetic chemical element with the symbol Am and atomic number 95. It is a silvery-white metal that is part of the actinide series. Americium is used in smoke detectors, as a neutron source, and in certain types of nuclear batteries.

Overview

English Name:

Americium

Latin Name:

Americium

Year Discovered:

1944

Discovered By:

Glenn T. Seaborg, Albert Ghiorso, and Emilio Segrè

Group:

Actinides

Period:

Electrons:

CAS Number:

7440-35-9

Cost Per 100 Grams:

$1,000

Atomic Properties

Electronic Configuration:

[Rn] 5f⁷ 7s²

Ion Charge:

Ionisation Energies:

578.0 kJ/mol

Atomic Radius (Empirical):

186 pm

Atomic Radius (Calculated):

196 pm

Covalent Radius:

N/A

Van Der Waals Radius:

N/A

Ionisation Potential of An Atom:

5.49 eV

Electrons Per Layer:

2, 8, 18, 32, 25, 7

Atomic Multiplicities Of The Gas:

Atomic Weight:

243

Oxidation States

Reactivity

Electron Affinity:

+0.5 kJ/mol

Valence:

3, 4

Electronegativity:

N/A

Thermal Properties

Melting Point:

1176°C

Boiling Point:

2880°C

Critical Point:

Pressure: N/A

Temperature: N/A

Thermal Conductivity:

12.5 W/(m·K)

Heat Capacity:

Specific: 0.22 J/(g·K)

Molar: 26.4 J/(mol·K)

Thermal Coefficient:

0.000013

Enthalpy:

Fusion: 12.5 kJ/mol

Vaporisation: 300 kJ/mol

Atomization: 200 kJ/mol

Curie Temperature:

N/A

Neel Temperature:

N/A

Superconductivity Point:

N/A

Physical and Chemical Properties

State of matter (25° C/ 77°F):

Solid

Density:

Solid: 13.67 g/cm³

Molar Volume (Vmol):

17.8 L/mol

Speed of Sound (Vs):

N/A

Hardness:

N/A

Bulk Modulus (K):

N/A

Shear Modulus (G):

N/A

Young's Modulus (E):

N/A

Color:

Silvery

Brinell Hardness (MPa):

N/A

Liquid Density (Kg/m^3):

N/A

Hardness of Mohs:

N/A

Refractive Index:

N/A

Vickers Hardness (MPa):

N/A

Crystal Structure:

Face-centered cubic

Electromagnetic Properties

Electrical Type:

Conductor

Resistivity:

1.0 × 10^-6 Ω·m

Magnetic Type:

Paramagnetic

Superconductivity:

Not applicable

Volume Magnetic Susceptibility:

+1.0 × 10^-5

Mass Magnetic Susceptibility:

+1.5 × 10^-5 m³/kg

Molar Mass Susceptibility:

+2.0 × 10^-5 m³/mol

Electrical Conductivity:

1.0 × 10^6 S/m

Mass (γ_mass):

3.0 × 10^-26 kg

Mass (γ_mol):

3.0 × 10^-23 mol

Volume (γ_vol):

17.8 L

Grid Parameters

Crystal Structure:

Face-centered cubic

Grid Parameters:

N/A

Attitude:

N/A

Debye Temperature:

N/A

Safety and Precautions

Signal Word:

Danger

Hazard Statements:

H300, H330

Precautionary Statements:

P201, P202, P280, P308 + P313

RTECS Number:

Not available

Risk:

Flammability: Non-flammable
Health Risk: Highly toxic
Reactivity: Unstable
Specific Risk: None

Importance

Main sources:

Plutonium ores

Main Usage:

Smoke detectors, neutron sources

Nuclear Properties

Radioactive:

Yes

Isotopes:

Am-241, Am-243

Neutron Cross Sectional:

0.1 barns

Half Life (s):

432.2 years

Lifetime:

Stable

Prevalence

Universe:

0.0000001%

Sun:

0.0000001%

Oceans:

N/A

Humans:

N/A

Earth's Crust:

0.0000002%

Meteorites:

N/A