Radon

Radon is a chemical element with the symbol Rn and atomic number 86. It is a radioactive, colorless, odorless, tasteless noble gas. Radon is formed from the radioactive decay of radium and is found in small amounts in the earth's crust. Radon is considered a health hazard due to its radioactivity and is the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking.

Overview

English Name:

Radon

Latin Name:

Radon

Year Discovered:

1900

Discovered By:

Friedrich Ernst Dorn

Group:

18

Period:

6

Electrons:

86

CAS Number:

10043-92-2

Cost Per 100 Grams:

$1000

Atomic Properties

Electronic Configuration:

[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p⁶

Ion Charge:

0

Ionisation Energies:

1037 kJ/mol

Atomic Radius (Empirical):

211 pm

Atomic Radius (Calculated):

220 pm

Covalent Radius:

145 pm

Van Der Waals Radius:

220 pm

Ionisation Potential of An Atom:

10.7 eV

Electrons Per Layer:

2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8

Atomic Multiplicities Of The Gas:

1

Atomic Weight:

222

Oxidation States

0

Reactivity

Electron Affinity:

-100 kJ/mol

Valence:

0

Electronegativity:

0.0

Thermal Properties

Melting Point:

-71 °C

Boiling Point:

-61.8 °C

Critical Point:

Pressure: 6.28 MPa

Temperature: 104.1 °C

Thermal Conductivity:

0.00361 W/(m·K)

Heat Capacity:

Specific: 0.094 J/(g·K)

Molar: 20.8 J/(mol·K)

Thermal Coefficient:

0.00006

Enthalpy:

Fusion: 2.79 kJ/mol

Vaporisation: 16.6 kJ/mol

Atomization: 180 kJ/mol

Curie Temperature:

N/A

Neel Temperature:

N/A

Superconductivity Point:

N/A

Physical and Chemical Properties

State of matter (25° C/ 77°F):

Gas

Density:

Gas: 9.73 g/L

Molar Volume (Vmol):

22.8 L/mol

Speed of Sound (Vs):

115 m/s

Hardness:

N/A

Bulk Modulus (K):

Not available

Shear Modulus (G):

N/A

Young's Modulus (E):

N/A

Color:

Colorless

Brinell Hardness (MPa):

N/A

Liquid Density (Kg/m^3):

4.4 kg/m³

Hardness of Mohs:

N/A

Refractive Index:

1.000062

Vickers Hardness (MPa):

N/A

Crystal Structure:

N/A

Electromagnetic Properties

Electrical Type:

Insulator

Resistivity:

10^9 Ω·m

Magnetic Type:

Diamagnetic

Superconductivity:

Not applicable

Volume Magnetic Susceptibility:

-1.3 × 10^-9

Mass Magnetic Susceptibility:

-1.4 × 10^-9 m³/kg

Molar Mass Susceptibility:

-3.1 × 10^-7 m³/mol

Electrical Conductivity:

10^-9 S/m

Mass (γmass):

3.7 × 10-25 kg

Mass (γmol):

3.7 × 10-22 mol

Volume (γvol):

22.8 L

Grid Parameters

Crystal Structure:

N/A

Grid Parameters:

N/A

Attitude:

N/A

Debye Temperature:

N/A

Safety and Precautions

Signal Word:

Danger

Hazard Statements:

H332, H350

Precautionary Statements:

P201, P202, P281, P308 + P313

RTECS Number:

Not available

Risk:

Flammability: Non-flammable
Health Risk: Highly toxic
Reactivity: Stable
Specific Risk: Radioactive

Importance

Main sources:

Uranium and thorium ores

Main Usage:

Radioactive tracer, cancer treatment

Nuclear Properties

Radioactive:

Yes

Isotopes:

Rn-222, Rn-220, Rn-219

Neutron Cross Sectional:

0.5 barns

Half Life (s):

3.82 days

Lifetime:

Stable

Prevalence

Universe:

0.0000000001%

Sun:

0.0000000001%

Oceans:

0.00000000001%

Humans:

0.000000000001%

Earth's Crust:

0.000001%

Meteorites:

0.000001%