Cadmium

Overview

English Name:

Cadmium

Latin Name:

Cadmium

Year Discovered:

1817

Discovered By:

Friedrich Strohmeyer

Group:

12

Period:

5

Electrons:

48

CAS Number:

7440-43-9

Cost Per 100 Grams:

$5

Atomic Properties

Electronic Configuration:

[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s²

Ion Charge:

+2

Ionisation Energies:

867.3 kJ/mol

Atomic Radius (Empirical):

151 pm

Atomic Radius (Calculated):

167 pm

Covalent Radius:

148 pm

Van Der Waals Radius:

186 pm

Ionisation Potential of An Atom:

8.99 eV

Electrons Per Layer:

2, 8, 18, 18, 2

Atomic Multiplicities Of The Gas:

1

Atomic Weight:

112.41

Reactivity

Electron Affinity:

-66 kJ/mol

Valence:

2

Electronegativity:

1.69

Thermal Properties

Melting Point:

321.07°C

Boiling Point:

767°C

Critical Point:

Pressure: N/A

Temperature: N/A

Thermal Conductivity:

96 W/(m·K)

Heat Capacity:

Specific: 0.25 J/(g·K)

Molar: 25.98 J/(mol·K)

Thermal Coefficient:

0.000022

Enthalpy:

Fusion: 6.57 kJ/mol

Vaporisation: 100.0 kJ/mol

Atomization: 298 kJ/mol

Curie Temperature:

N/A

Neel Temperature:

N/A

Superconductivity Point:

N/A

Physical and Chemical Properties

State of matter (25° C/ 77°F):

Solid

Density:

Solid: 8.65 g/cm³

Molar Volume (Vmol):

12.99 cm³/mol

Speed of Sound (Vs):

N/A

Hardness:

2.5 (Mohs)

Bulk Modulus (K):

N/A

Shear Modulus (G):

N/A

Young's Modulus (E):

N/A

Color:

Bluish-white

Brinell Hardness (MPa):

N/A

Liquid Density (Kg/m^3):

N/A

Hardness of Mohs:

2.5

Refractive Index:

N/A

Vickers Hardness (MPa):

N/A

Crystal Structure:

Hexagonal close-packed

Electromagnetic Properties

Electrical Type:

Conductor

Resistivity:

4.5 × 10^-7 Ω·m

Magnetic Type:

Diamagnetic

Superconductivity:

Not applicable

Volume Magnetic Susceptibility:

-1.0 × 10^-5

Mass Magnetic Susceptibility:

-1.2 × 10^-5 m³/kg

Molar Mass Susceptibility:

-3.0 × 10^-4 m³/mol

Electrical Conductivity:

5.8 × 10^6 S/m

Mass (γ_mass):

1.80 × 10^-25 kg

Mass (γ_mol):

1.80 × 10^-22 mol

Volume (γ_vol):

12.99 L

Grid Parameters

Crystal Structure:

Hexagonal close-packed

Grid Parameters:

N/A

Attitude:

N/A

Debye Temperature:

N/A

Safety and Precautions

Signal Word:

Warning

Hazard Statements:

H302

Precautionary Statements:

P201, P202, P281

RTECS Number:

Not available

Risk:

Flammability: Non-flammable
Health Risk: Toxic
Reactivity: Stable
Specific Risk: None

Importance

Main sources:

Mining, recycling

Main Usage:

Batteries, pigments, coatings

Nuclear Properties

Radioactive:

No

Isotopes:

Cd-106, Cd-108, Cd-110

Neutron Cross Sectional:

0.045 barns

Half Life (s):

None

Lifetime:

Stable

Prevalence

Universe:

0.0004%

Sun:

0.0003%

Oceans:

0.00001%

Humans:

0.00001%

Earth's Crust:

0.0005%

Meteorites:

0.0001%