Argon

Argon is a chemical element with the symbol Ar and atomic number 18. It is a colorless, odorless, inert monatomic gas under standard conditions, making up about 0.93% of the Earth's atmosphere. Argon is used in lighting, welding, and as an inert gas in various industrial processes.

Overview

English Name:

Argon

Latin Name:

Argon

Year Discovered:

1894

Discovered By:

Lord Rayleigh, William Ramsay

Group:

Period:

Electrons:

CAS Number:

7440-37-1

Cost Per 100 Grams:

$0.50

Atomic Properties

Electronic Configuration:

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶

Ion Charge:

Ionisation Energies:

1520.6 kJ/mol

Atomic Radius (Empirical):

71 pm

Atomic Radius (Calculated):

96 pm

Covalent Radius:

N/A

Van Der Waals Radius:

188 pm

Ionisation Potential of An Atom:

15.76 eV

Electrons Per Layer:

2, 8, 8

Atomic Multiplicities Of The Gas:

Atomic Weight:

39.948

Oxidation States

Reactivity

Electron Affinity:

0 kJ/mol

Valence:

Electronegativity:

N/A

Thermal Properties

Melting Point:

-189.34°C

Boiling Point:

-185.85°C

Critical Point:

Pressure: 4.86 MPa

Temperature: -126°C

Thermal Conductivity:

0.017 W/(m·K)

Heat Capacity:

Specific: 0.520 J/(g·K)

Molar: 20.79 J/(mol·K)

Thermal Coefficient:

0.0001

Enthalpy:

Fusion: 1.18 kJ/mol

Vaporisation: 6.49 kJ/mol

Atomization: 0.0 kJ/mol

Curie Temperature:

N/A

Neel Temperature:

N/A

Superconductivity Point:

N/A

Physical and Chemical Properties

State of matter (25° C/ 77°F):

Gas

Density:

Gas: 0.001784 g/L

Molar Volume (Vmol):

22.41 L/mol

Speed of Sound (Vs):

319 m/s

Hardness:

N/A

Bulk Modulus (K):

N/A

Shear Modulus (G):

N/A

Young's Modulus (E):

N/A

Color:

Colorless

Brinell Hardness (MPa):

N/A

Liquid Density (Kg/m^3):

1.40 kg/m³

Hardness of Mohs:

N/A

Refractive Index:

N/A

Vickers Hardness (MPa):

N/A

Crystal Structure:

N/A

Electromagnetic Properties

Electrical Type:

Insulator

Resistivity:

10^15 Ω·m

Magnetic Type:

Diamagnetic

Superconductivity:

Not applicable

Volume Magnetic Susceptibility:

-1.4 × 10^-9

Mass Magnetic Susceptibility:

-1.7 × 10^-9 m³/kg

Molar Mass Susceptibility:

-4.2 × 10^-8 m³/mol

Electrical Conductivity:

10^-15 S/m

Mass (γ_mass):

3.4880 × 10^-26 kg

Mass (γ_mol):

3.4880 × 10^-23 mol

Volume (γ_vol):

22.41 L

Grid Parameters

Crystal Structure:

N/A

Grid Parameters:

N/A

Attitude:

N/A

Debye Temperature:

N/A

Safety and Precautions

Signal Word:

Warning

Hazard Statements:

H280

Precautionary Statements:

P220, P244

RTECS Number:

Not available

Risk:

Flammability: Non-flammable
Health Risk: Asphyxiant
Reactivity: Stable
Specific Risk: None

Importance

Main sources:

Air, industrial processes

Main Usage:

Lighting, welding, inert gas applications

Nuclear Properties

Radioactive:

Isotopes:

Ar-36, Ar-38, Ar-40

Neutron Cross Sectional:

0.33 barns

Half Life (s):

None

Lifetime:

Stable

Prevalence

Universe:

0.0001%

Sun:

0.0001%

Oceans:

0.00005%

Humans:

0.00001%

Earth's Crust:

0.0003%

Meteorites:

0.0001%