Aluminium

Overview

English Name:

Aluminium

Latin Name:

Aluminum

Year Discovered:

1825

Discovered By:

Hans Christian Ørsted

Group:

13

Period:

3

Electrons:

13

CAS Number:

7429-90-5

Cost Per 100 Grams:

$1.50

Atomic Properties

Electronic Configuration:

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹

Ion Charge:

3+

Ionisation Energies:

5.986 eV

Atomic Radius (Empirical):

143 pm

Atomic Radius (Calculated):

121 pm

Covalent Radius:

121 pm

Van Der Waals Radius:

184 pm

Ionisation Potential of An Atom:

5.986 eV

Electrons Per Layer:

2, 8, 3

Atomic Multiplicities Of The Gas:

1

Atomic Weight:

26.9815

Reactivity

Electron Affinity:

−1.816 eV

Valence:

3

Electronegativity:

1.61

Thermal Properties

Melting Point:

660.32°C

Boiling Point:

2467°C

Critical Point:

Pressure: 1.3 GPa

Temperature: 2800°C

Thermal Conductivity:

237 W/(m·K)

Heat Capacity:

Specific: 0.897 J/(g·K)

Molar: 24.35 J/(mol·K)

Thermal Coefficient:

0.000022

Enthalpy:

Fusion: 10.5 kJ/mol

Vaporisation: 284 kJ/mol

Atomization: 0.0 kJ/mol

Curie Temperature:

N/A

Neel Temperature:

N/A

Superconductivity Point:

N/A

Physical and Chemical Properties

State of matter (25° C/ 77°F):

Solid

Density:

Solid: 2.70 g/cm³

Molar Volume (Vmol):

10.04 L/mol

Speed of Sound (Vs):

6400 m/s

Hardness:

2.5 (Mohs)

Bulk Modulus (K):

70 GPa

Shear Modulus (G):

26 GPa

Young's Modulus (E):

70 GPa

Color:

Silvery-white

Brinell Hardness (MPa):

0.5 GPa

Liquid Density (Kg/m^3):

2.35 kg/m³

Hardness of Mohs:

2.5

Refractive Index:

N/A

Vickers Hardness (MPa):

0.5 GPa

Crystal Structure:

FCC

Electromagnetic Properties

Electrical Type:

Conductor

Resistivity:

2.65 × 10^-8 Ω·m

Magnetic Type:

Diamagnetic

Superconductivity:

Not applicable

Volume Magnetic Susceptibility:

-1.2 × 10^-5

Mass Magnetic Susceptibility:

-1.2 × 10^-8 m³/kg

Molar Mass Susceptibility:

-2.4 × 10^-7 m³/mol

Electrical Conductivity:

3.5 × 10^7 S/m

Mass (γ_mass):

4.76 × 10^-26 kg

Mass (γ_mol):

4.76 × 10^-23 mol

Volume (γ_vol):

10.04 L

Grid Parameters

Crystal Structure:

FCC

Grid Parameters:

N/A

Attitude:

N/A

Debye Temperature:

N/A

Safety and Precautions

Signal Word:

Warning

Hazard Statements:

H260, H314

Precautionary Statements:

P223, P231, P232, P261

RTECS Number:

AL7450000

Risk:

Flammability: Highly flammable
Health Risk: Toxic, corrosive
Reactivity: Highly reactive
Specific Risk: Oxidizer

Importance

Main sources:

Bauxite, clay, shale

Main Usage:

Alloys, construction, packaging

Nuclear Properties

Radioactive:

No

Isotopes:

Al-26, Al-27

Neutron Cross Sectional:

0.23 barns

Half Life (s):

None

Lifetime:

Stable

Prevalence

Universe:

0.08%

Sun:

0.08%

Oceans:

0.14%

Humans:

0.001%

Earth's Crust:

8.23%

Meteorites:

8.23%