Magnesium

Overview

English Name:

Magnesium

Latin Name:

Magnesium

Year Discovered:

1755

Discovered By:

Joseph Black

Group:

2

Period:

3

Electrons:

12

CAS Number:

7439-95-4

Cost Per 100 Grams:

$2.00

Atomic Properties

Electronic Configuration:

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²

Ion Charge:

2+

Ionisation Energies:

737.7 kJ/mol

Atomic Radius (Empirical):

160 pm

Atomic Radius (Calculated):

173 pm

Covalent Radius:

140 pm

Van Der Waals Radius:

N/A

Ionisation Potential of An Atom:

7.646 eV

Electrons Per Layer:

2, 8, 2

Atomic Multiplicities Of The Gas:

1

Atomic Weight:

24.305

Reactivity

Electron Affinity:

0.0 kJ/mol

Valence:

2

Electronegativity:

1.31

Thermal Properties

Melting Point:

650°C

Boiling Point:

1090°C

Critical Point:

Pressure: N/A

Temperature: N/A

Thermal Conductivity:

156 W/(m·K)

Heat Capacity:

Specific: 1.02 J/(g·K)

Molar: 24.87 J/(mol·K)

Thermal Coefficient:

0.000022

Enthalpy:

Fusion: 8.3 kJ/mol

Vaporisation: 128 kJ/mol

Atomization: 0.0 kJ/mol

Curie Temperature:

N/A

Neel Temperature:

N/A

Superconductivity Point:

N/A

Physical and Chemical Properties

State of matter (25° C/ 77°F):

Solid

Density:

Solid: 1.738 g/cm³

Molar Volume (Vmol):

14.79 L/mol

Speed of Sound (Vs):

4600 m/s

Hardness:

2.5 (Mohs)

Bulk Modulus (K):

45 GPa

Shear Modulus (G):

16 GPa

Young's Modulus (E):

45 GPa

Color:

Silvery-white

Brinell Hardness (MPa):

37 MPa

Liquid Density (Kg/m^3):

0.79 kg/m³

Hardness of Mohs:

2.5

Refractive Index:

N/A

Vickers Hardness (MPa):

37 MPa

Crystal Structure:

Hexagonal

Electromagnetic Properties

Electrical Type:

Conductor

Resistivity:

4.4 × 10^-8 Ω·m

Magnetic Type:

Diamagnetic

Superconductivity:

Not applicable

Volume Magnetic Susceptibility:

-1.5 × 10^-5

Mass Magnetic Susceptibility:

-1.5 × 10^-8 m³/kg

Molar Mass Susceptibility:

-3.0 × 10^-7 m³/mol

Electrical Conductivity:

2.3 × 10^7 S/m

Mass (γ_mass):

4.74 × 10^-26 kg

Mass (γ_mol):

4.74 × 10^-23 mol

Volume (γ_vol):

14.79 L

Grid Parameters

Crystal Structure:

Hexagonal

Grid Parameters:

N/A

Attitude:

N/A

Debye Temperature:

N/A

Safety and Precautions

Signal Word:

Warning

Hazard Statements:

H260, H290

Precautionary Statements:

P220, P234, P370 + P376

RTECS Number:

MG7350000

Risk:

Flammability: Highly flammable
Health Risk: Irritant
Reactivity: Highly reactive
Specific Risk: None

Importance

Main sources:

Seawater, minerals

Main Usage:

Alloys, fireworks, flares

Nuclear Properties

Radioactive:

No

Isotopes:

Mg-24, Mg-25, Mg-26

Neutron Cross Sectional:

0.022 barns

Half Life (s):

None

Lifetime:

Stable

Prevalence

Universe:

0.07%

Sun:

0.07%

Oceans:

0.13%

Humans:

0.0002%

Earth's Crust:

2.3%

Meteorites:

0.06%